Ice-breaking marine vessel.



B. T. HAAGBNSON.

ICE BREAKING MARINE VESSEL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY4,1912.

1;0'71,'735. Patented se n.2,1913.

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B. T. HAAGBNSON.

ICE BREAKING MARINE VESSEL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 4, 1012.

1,071,735. Patented Sept.2,1913

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BENJAMIN -T. HAAGENSON, 0F A'SHI'ABUL A, OHIO.

ICE-BREAKING MARINE VESSEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

Application filed ma 4', 1912. Serial a... 695,185..

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN T. IILAAG'.ENSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ashtabula, inthecounty-of Ashtabula and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Ice Breaking Marine Vessels, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being badto the accompanying drawings.

.This invention relates to marine vessels, and especially to that classof vessels used in navigating ice-bound waters.

In waters where icetloes are present, the ice along the pressure linebetween respec: tice icefloes piles up to a considerable thickness andforms what are known, nautically, as windrcws. These windrows frequentlyassume such proportions that they stop the progress of a vessel andimprison it so, securely that it,is with considerable difficulty thevessel is released, the use of dynamite or ice tools having to beresorted to. Boats known'as ice crushers have been especially designedto navigate under suchconditions and have been more or less successfulin accomplishing this end, but their peculiar design limits theirusefulness to a considerable extent.

The zone of contact between the ice'and the vessel extends only a littleabove and" below-the water line, the horizontal. section of the hull ofthe vessel, in this region, being substantially wedge shaped. It isobvious therefore, that when the vessel, running on an even keel, ramsinto the ice with the power of its momentum behind it, the impactwill beof considerable force and as a result the boat will be securely wedgedwithin the ice, resultingin the difficulties already set forth. Ifhowever, the boat is rocking at the time it contacts with the ice,

the line of contact will be continually changing, and the-ice will bepushed asideand i degrees of oscillation may be easily and readilyimparted to the vessel at will.

my invention applied thereto; Fi 2 is a,

partial side elevation of the hull o a vessel with a portion of the sideplates broken away to show another embodiment of my invcntion; Fig. 3 isa sectionalview taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 and looking in thedirection of the arrows; Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of thehull of a vessel with a modified form of my invention appliedthereto,.and Fig. 5 is a view, similar to Fig. a showing anothermodification of my invention.

I have shown in the drawings, more or less diagrammatically, variousmeans for accomplishing thedesir'ed result and will describe them in theorder in whichthey appear in the drawings.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1, I have employed twogyroscopes for imparting to the vessel an oscillatory movement, thesegyrosccpes being contained within the hull of the vessel, which I havedesignated A throughout the several views of the drawings, between thedecks B and C. Each gyroscope D is composed generally of a rotor (Z, ashaft (2, and a motor Q 6Z2 all of which are contained within a casing(P. The casing d is provided at its top and bottom with suitable postsor trunnions which are journaled in stationary journal blocks 7) and a,respectively, secured to the decks B and C of the vessel. Such ball androller bearings as are deemed necessary to insure perfect ease ofoperation of the various parts of the gyroscope, are employed. The lowerpart of the casingd terminates in a worm gear d for a purpose which willhereinafter be described.

Situated upon the deck B of the vessel, between the gyroscopes D is areversible engine E. The shaft e of this engine extends athwartship andhas secured to each of its ends a worm e which is adapted to'meshwith'the worm gear d upon the lower part of the casing d of each of thegyroscopes. The angular-inclination of both worms is in the samedirection and both worms are I I I C I I o v of the same pitch, causlnga similar precessional movement to be set up simultaneously in bothgyroscopes when the engine is operated. This precessional movement ofthe gyroscopes causes them to impart to the vess'el a reverse thrust onthe opposite sides of its keel which results in an oscillating orrocking motion of the vessel. This may be tical position at about thecenter of the hull A of the vessel. The gyroscope is contained in .thecasing F provided with trunnions which are mounted in the brackets b ina manner that, will permit 'fhegyroscope to be swung in a planecoincident with the longgitudinal axis or medial line of the vessel. Thegyroscope casing F is caused to swing upon its trunnions by a mechanismdesignated G, consisting of a worm gear 9 journaled upon a stationaryblock 9 and having connection with the gyroscope casing through anadjustable crank pin 9' and a connecting rod f. The-worm gear isrotated' by a worm h secured to the shaft h of the engine H. By thisconstruction it will be seen that through the operation of the enginethe gyroscope will be caused to swing in a fore and aft direction andcause a precessional movement to be set up within the gyroscope. Thisprecessional movement will produce a transverse thrust of the gyroscopewhich will be transferred to the vessel through the substantial brackets6' within which the trunnions of the gyrosco e casin are mounted causinthe vessel to rock. As the degree of oscillation imparted to-thewesselis dependent upon either the speed of {the engine or the extent of thethrow imparted to the gyroscope by the mechanism G, and since the speedof the.

engine can be varied and the position of the crank ping can be adjustedat the will of the operator, the angular movement of the boat maybe keptunder perfect control. In order to realize the maximum influence of asingle gyroscope, I propose to locate it as near the center ofoscillation as possible, and to swing, its spinningaxis at intervalscorresponding to the natural periodicity of the Vessel.

Fig. 4c shows a method of rocking a boat by forcing waterwhioh iscontained in tanks located on opposite sides of the vessel from one ofthe tanks to the other. 1 The tanks l which I have designated I and-Iare mounted upon the deck B ofthe vessel, and are connected by a shallowconduit or passage way 2' communicating with each of the tanks near itsbottom. I have shown a large compressed air reservoir J, mounted uponthe deck C of the vessel and communicating with the water tanks I and Ithrough the pipe j and branches j and j respectively. The reservoir Jreceives its supply of compressed air from the .air compressor K. 'In-:terposed between the pipe 7' and its branches and j -is a valvej whichestablishes cominunication between the pipe'j and either of its branchesj and j, at the same time causing the other branch to be thrown intocommunication with the atmosphere. This 'valve is under the control of amechanism designated L consist ng of an arm Z pivoted at its lower'endto a stationary bracket not shown) and bifurcated at its upper en toreceive-a pin at the end of the valve operating lever. The arm Z isswung in either direction by the stem of a pendulum Z which is pivotedat Z to a stationary A'- shaped frame Z The arm Z is provided near itslower end with a crossbeam on which are mounted adjustable stops Z forengagement with the stem of the pendulum.

The operation of this device is as follows: Assuming that the parts arein the .position shown .in Fig. 4:, com ressed air will flow from thereservoir J ti'rough the pipe j. the valve passageway and the branch 7"to the tank I displacing thewater within this tank and forcing itthrough the conduit z'into' the tank I and causing the vessel to rocktoward the right. Through the pendulic action of the vessel the pendulumZ is caused to swing in the same direction, and

in so doing engages a stop carried by the cross-beam of the arm Z,throwing this arm to the right, and causing the valve 7' to be thrown inits alternate position. When in this positiomthe Valve establishescommunication between the air, reservoir J and the water tank I throughthe branch pipe j Immediately the accumulating air pressure within thistank will force the water back through .the conduit 71 into the formertank I and 'cause the boat to rock to that side. In response tothisswinging action of the boat, the pendulum -Z reverses its course andswings back against the left-hand stop of the arm Z causing the reversalof the valve and the repetition of the operation above set forth. Bythis means it will be seen that an automatic control is provided forshifting the weight of .water from one side of the boat to the other,and the amount of oscillation c'anbe varied bythe adjustment of thestops Z4 upon the cross beam of the arm 2.

In the modification of my invention shown in Fig. 5 I employ anelectrical motor driven car M mounted on a transverse curved trackNwvhich is supported above of a gyroscope, and

the upper deck of a vessel by suitable trusswork. The car is providedwith suitable reversinglmechanism m which is controlled by push rods madapted to engage stops n on either end of the track N when the carreaches either of its extreme positions. The car carries a water tank ain which any desired quantity of water may be placed necessary to impartto the vessel, throu h its weight, the desired degree of oscil ationwhen it travels to either end of its track, A current may be supplied tothe motor m through any suitable means as by the wires 0 and the rails11/ of the track.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. The combination, with a marine vessel, ofcontrollable means operatingon opposite sides of the keel or medial line for imparting a rocking oroscillating movement to said vessel, and mechanism whereby said means iscaused to reverse the direction of its action upon the vessel at regularand predetermined intervals of time.

'2. The combination, with a marine vessel, means for moving its spinningaxis in a substantially fixed plane with respect to the vessel and atintervals correspondin tothe periodicity thereof. a The com ination,with a marine vessel, of a plurality of gyroscopes and means, in-

. dependent of the action of the vessel, for

moving their spinning axes in a substantially fixed plane with respectto the vessel and at intervals corresponding to the periodicity thereof.

' of a gyroscope,

of a gyroscope located within the hull of the vessel, a casing withinwhich the roscope is capable of spinning and havlng trunnions extendingfrom its sides the axis of which is at right an les to the spinning axisof the gyroscope, a racket located on each side of the longitudinalcenter line of the vessel within which is journaled one of the trunnionsof' the gyroscope casing, and

mechanism for rocking the gyroscope casing upon its trunnions.

5. The combination, with a marine vessel, of a gyroscope having itsspinning axis coincident with the vertical center llne of the vessel, acasing for the gyroscope having trunmons projecting from its sides atright angles to the spinning axis of the gyroscope and extendingtransverse the vessel and mounted within brackets, and mechanism forswinging the spinning axis of the gyroscope a varied num er of degreeseach side of its vertical position.

6. The combination, with a marine vessel,

gyroscope which permits a forward and rearward movement of the spinningaxis thereof in a fixed 1 lane with respect to the vessel, and means torimparting to the axis of the gyroscope, movement at intervalscorresponding to the periodicity of the vessel. In test-imon whereof, Ihereunto afiix my signature in t e presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN T. HAAGENSONL Witnesses:

BRENNAN B. WEST, J. B. HULL.

supporting means for said

